Jewish holidays are celebrated on the lunisolar calendar. They are compiled by means of special calculations specified in the Torah; in addition, the phases of the moon are taken into account. Therefore, the beginning of each Jewish month falls on the new moon. Almost all Jewish holidays are mentioned in the Torah. In essence, the Jewish people maintained their integrity through religion. That is why religious holidays are so important in Israel and in the Jewish diaspora around the world. These celebrations and related customs help the people to maintain unity, a common national spirit. Every year they are celebrated by both believers and non-believers.
The Jewish month of Tishrei in 2021 begins on September 7 with the holiday of Rosh Hashanah - the Jewish New Year, which symbolizes the coming of the new year 5782 on the Jewish calendar. This holiday lasts two days, but is not celebrated with dancing and loud parties. Because immediately after it begins 10 days of repentance, which ends with the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) 10 Tishrei (September 16). According to the Torah, the fate of each person for the coming year takes effect on Yom Kippur. Before Yom Kippur, it is customary to apologize to those who have had to be offended. On the eve of the holiday or in the morning at dawn, a rite of passage is performed, when the slaughtered chicken or its value is given to the poor after a special prayer. This rite symbolizes the desire to atone for sins.
In the second half of the month, namely 15 - 16 Tishrei (September 21 - 22), comes Sukkot - a holiday called the time of joy. According to his custom, for 7 days in a row Jews must live in temporary dwellings with a translucent roof (made of reed, palm or straw branches), sleep there and gather for a meal, glorifying the Most High with joy. Such housing is called "sukka".
Finally comes the day of glorification of the Torah - Simhat Torah - a holiday that ends the annual cycle of reading the Torah and begins a new one. This holiday coincides with the holiday of Shmini-Aceret, but only in Israel, and in the diaspora, where there are always two holidays, the first day is dedicated to the holiday of Shemini Atzeret and prayer for rain, and the second day - entirely Simchat Torah. In 2021, the holiday falls on September 29. In Eretz Israel, where all festivals last one day, Simhat Torah is part of the Shmini Atzeret festival.
About these holidays and their significance in the history, religion, culture of the Jewish people - in the online classes (in Ukrainian) of the researcher of Museum "Jewish Memory and Holocaust in Ukraine" Selyutina Tatiana.
Rosh Hashanah:
https://youtu.be/1yn7iw4vuUw
Yom Kippur:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3p7ONG_LqNM
Sukkot:
https://youtu.be/uVh8FsBuXbo
"Simhat Torah: history, traditions":
https://youtu.be/3mHVOZfQmpo